“No museum is going to say, ‘Our fall program is majority male artists,’” she said. The barometer of achievement for female artists, experts agree, is not the number of solo and group exhibitions they are given, which are often less expensive and easier to mount, but direct purchases by the museum for their permanent collections, as well as donations. The museum showed works of major women artists from its own collection. With money from the sale, the museum was able to buy works by Wangechi Mutu, Toyin Ojih Odutola, Mickalene Thomas, Rina Banerjee, Elizabeth Okie Paxton, and Joan Brown. At one point in her career, Ms. Gadsden said she was skeptical about women-themed exhibitions because she feared that they tokenized female artists. Courtesy of The Baltimore Museum of Art. It has been—and remains—the museum’s only acquisition fund, which means that the Nasher, whose current collection is approximately 16 percent female, is effectively only buying work by women artists. In 2013, the museum sold from its collection a painting by Edward Hopper to start a fund focused on buying contemporary art by women and artists of color, who were underrepresented in their collection. “Collections grow through a combination of intention and happenstance—like bequests that might not have been planned for years—but the fact is that collecting women artists is increasing and that will have an impact on museums over time,” said Jeremy Strick, director of the, In 2015, the arts advocate Kaleta A. Doolin established an acquisition fund at the Nasher Sculpture Center specifically for art by women. Museums with the highest percentage of women artists include MOCA (24.9%), San Francisco Museum of Modern Art (SFMOMA) (18.1%), and the … Among the museums that took part in the survey, smaller institutions tended to have made better progress toward gender parity, the researchers said. In the past decade, only 11 percent of all work acquired by the country’s top museums was by women. “And they are unaffordable,” he said. First, art is not created in a vacuum. Over the past decade, just 29,247 works by female artists were acquired by 26 top museums in the United States, out of 260,470 total works. “But they would say, ‘Our program is majority female artists.’”. By the fall of 2006—after two years, and substantial tinkering—there were 399 objects on view; 19 were by women, or 5 percent. Over the past decade, there has been a sense in the art world that gender equity was on the horizon: Emerging female artists were landing high-profile solo shows, museums were staging women-themed exhibitions, grants were being awarded to boost female artists, and long-neglected artists were being given overdue recognition. “I have done well in my career but, at the same time, there is no comparison with my male counterparts. Female Artists Represent Just 2 Percent of the Market. ... who is in the top 25 female artists collected by US museums, according to our data. Ms. Gadsden said that part of the problem is that only a fraction of their acquisitions are purchased by the museum; much is donated by collectors, and so relies on their personal purchases. “We’re not going in with a shopping list, but we want to have several landmark works and make sure we have a varied approach to the kinds of expressions of female-identifying artists.” She explained that curators of each department have examined holdings to identify key artists who could “create new narratives that we aren’t able to tell right now.” Curators then reach out to dealers to secure works. 46% of all artists and arts workers in the U.S. are women. And of that share, five female artists dominate the market, comprising nearly 41 percent of the total. Courtesy of Brooklyn Museum. The overall disparities in the number of female art museum directors and in their salaries are mostly driven by the largest museums. “The more we can see women in positions of leadership who understand the need to address these huge gaps, the more we’ll see progress. By some estimates, over 50% of visual artists are women, but less than 5% of the artists featured in the world’s most popular art museum galleries are female. “People are having difficulty justifying to their acquisitions committee the relative value of an artist they are championing,” said Lampkins-Fielder. The researchers also asked museums to report the gender parity in their exhibitions. Only 8 percent of the work that the Museum of Modern Art exhibits is by women. “That cannot be told without the work of women and artists of color.” And yet, those are the very individuals who museums have excluded for decades, if not for over a century. First, we provide estimates of gender and ethnic diversity at each museum, and overall, we find that 85% of artists are white and 87% are men. That museum, Ms. Burns pointed out, made an explicit commitment to increasing representation of female artists. The report, which included more than 40 interviews with curators, artists, collectors and dealers, suggests several reasons for the gender imbalance, including museum committees tasked with acquiring work that were often preoccupied with name recognition and wary of spending money on a female artist who didn’t have a recorded reputation for selling at auctions. This situation is much the same in America and elsewhere—art museums around the world all have a shocking disparity between the number of female and male artists represented.

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